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Contents
- Introduction
- 1 - General Principles of Grapevine Pruning and Physiology
- 1.1 - The Vegetative Cycle in Temperate Climates, or the Four Seasons of the Vine
- Spring
- Summer
- Autumn
- Winter
- 1.2 - Sap Flow (Xylem Sap and Phloem Sap) during the Vegetative Period
- 1.3 - The Shoot and Its Organs (Leaves, Clusters, Tendrils, Internodes and Buds)
- 1.4 - Vine Vigour and Its Measurement: Pruning/Vigour Adjustments
- 1.5 - Pruning Grapevine Organs (Canes, Spurs, Cordons and Two-Year-Old Wood) and Its Consequences Counting Fertile Buds
- 2 - General Principles of Grapevine Pruning and Training
- 2.1 - Vineyard Preparation
- 2.2 - Adaptation to Soil and Climate Considerations
- Water Stress
- Heat Stress
- Spring Frost
- Wind and Relative Humidity
- 2.3 - Adaptation to Quality Considerations
- Effective Leaf Area and Crop Yield
- Search for Ripeness, Balance, Colour and Aromas
- 3 - Training Systems and Grapevine Formation
- 3.1 - Planting Preparation of Young Vines
- 3.2 - Modern or “Fan-Type” Head/Goblet Training
- 3.3 - Royat Cordon Training (One or Two Arms and Alternating)
- 3.4 - Guyot Cane Pruning (Simple, Double, Enhanced and Short)
- 3.5 - Other Systems
- 4 - Pruning and Disease
- Protection of Pruning Wounds
- 5 - Pruning and Budbreak
- Apical Control
- Spring Frosts and Budbreak
- How Frost Affects the Grapevine
- 6 - Pruning Equipment and Organization
- 6.1 - Pre-Pruning Equipment
- 6.2 - Pruning Equipment
- 6.3 - Disposal and Re-Use of Pruning Wood
- Appendices
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